# Exact tests for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium using SAS

#### ChrE

##### New Member
Hello all.

I would like to perform some exact tests for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium on a genotype data set, but I am not a very

experienced SAS-user and I am definately no statistician so I can't seem to find the right way of doing this in SAS.

An example of observed values for one of the bi-allelic loci that I would like to test is:
pp 289
pq 86
qq 3

Calculating this manually according to H-W yields expected values of:
pp 292
pq 81
qq 6

consequently the chi-square value becomes: 1.563 with 1 degree of freedom corresponding to an asymptotic p-value of 0.21.

I believe that this is correct, but when I try to make SAS calculate the exact p-value on the same data using the code listed

below, I get a different chi-square value (1.8395), different degrees of freedom (2 rather than 1?) and of course ultimately

a different p-value (asymptotic p-value of 0.3986 and an exact p-value of 1.0486.)

Also, I am probably missing something here, but how can the exact p-value ever excede 1.00?

------------
data test;
input genotype $status$ count @@ ;
cards;
pp Observed 289
pq Observed 86
qq Observed 3
;

proc freq order=data data=test;
weight count;
tables genotype / testf= (292 81 6);
exact chisq;
run;
------------

I hope that someone in here can help me solve this problem.